If the CFO steers the company strategically, then the Controller manages the internal financial function to ensure the CFO can steer forward. This is a very important role. A Controller must have the following:

• An accounting degree
• Preferably their CPA
• At least 10 years of accounting experience

They typically report to the CFO or business owner.

An Accounting Manager must have the following:

• An accounting degree
• CPA or non-CPA
• At least 5 years of accounting experience

They have full responsibility for the accounting cycle. In addition, they supervise staff in the accounting department. They report to the Controller, CFO, or business owner, depending on the size of the business.

An accountant fits into the following profile:

• Accounting degree or equivalent
• Non-CPA
• At least 5 years of accounting experience

They understand basic accounting principals and are good users of Quickbooks (or other accounting software). This person is usually a person that has moved up from an AP clerk or AR clerk. This position reports to the Accounting Manager or Controller. But in a small company, they may report to the business owner.

A staff typically has no accounting degree. Some of the titles of a staff person include:

• Accounts payable clerk
• Accounts receivable clerk
• Bookkeeper

They have 2-10 years of experience. Although they are not responsible for the entire accounting cycle, they manage either the processing of invoices or payables in their area. This position requires guidance from a manager or business owner.